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Capsaicin (Caps) is a membrane-stabilizing agent that increases the stability of the cell membrane by nonselectively ion permeabilizing the membrane to K+ and Ca2+. A cell-associated transporter, which is stimulated by intracellular free Ca2+, transports the Ca2+ released into the cytoplasm. Our hypothesis is that the cell membrane is stably extended by the accumulation of Ca2+ in the cytoplasm, thus stabilizing the cell membrane. A permeabilization of the membrane by Caps or a Ca2+. Influx through Ca2+. ion channels is most effective when the hydrostatic pressure in the immediate lateral microenvironment is lowered. This opens the cell membrane to movements of cations, which exert their influence over the membrane’s life span. The loss of membrane-stabilizing capabilities of the cell membrane, and in particular, membrane proliferation (larger membrane surface area) and breakdown (increased mobility of ion channels), creates a new balance in which the cell membrane may be lysed (see Table 1).

The potassium channel is permeable to K+, but not to Na+. K-, and it maintains the cell membrane potential, which is usually near or just below the potassium equilibrium potential. The Kv1.3 channel is present only in small cells (eg, T cells, mast cells, neurons, muscle cells, and sensory cell membranes) and is activated by increasing intracellular Ca2+. The stability of the cell membrane is dependent on the equilibrium potential of the Kv1.3 channel. Membrane hyperpolarization caused by the accumulation of Ca2+ can be a sign of membrane-stabilizing activity. Small changes in cation concentrations alter the membrane potential. When the membrane is hyperpolarized, nerve impulses are inactivated (ie, a decrease in membrane excitability and transmission of nerve signals), and when the membrane is depolarized, nerve impulses are activated (increase in membrane excitability and transmission of nerve signals). In this manner, the ion concentration of the extracellular fluid, intracellular Ca2+, and the K+ equilibrium potential are all variables in maintaining the membrane potential. When the membrane is hyperpolarized, the nerve impulse will be suppressed because voltage-dependent K+. d2c66b5586

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