Cultural Anthropology 4th Canadian Edition Haviland Pdf Download
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Some social sciences and humanities scholars have presented matriarchy as a form of cultural evolution.[68][69] In some feminist and Marxist theories of history, a series of matriarchal socio-political regimes is said to be the evolutionary path from matriarchal, to patriarchal, to matriarchal again, or a matriarchal society is said to be in evolutionary transition to a patriarchal one.[citation needed]
The term is also associated with the work of the Russian feminist anthropologist Marija Gimbutas, who argued that the Eurasian cultures of the Upper Paleolithic and Neolithic periods were matriarchal or cyclical in nature.[69] In 1998, anthropologist Keith Hart concluded that the evidence for matriarchal societies in the Upper Paleolithic and Neolithic periods was weak.[70]
The term matriarch has had a variety of uses. It was originally used in anthropology to refer to the mother of a tribe, or occasionally the grandmother. The term was popularized in the 1970s in feminist literature, especially in the work of Shulamith Firestone, where it was used as an alternative to patriarchy, and as a way to argue for female sexual liberation. The term matriarchy is used in the popular book The Matriarchy, by Dale Spender.[35]
We know what a lineage is. This is a unique, living, social, and cultural institution that is always in the making. It is a living and dynamic social organization that is always developing and changing. The tangible and visible characteristics of a lineage are constituted of a set of institutions and arrangements. Hence, it is constructed, instead of being made up of a group of people. The institutions, arrangements, and institutions of a lineage are constitutive parts of its social appearance.
ABCD premiered across India in Hindi, Tamil and Telugu languages.[10] The film was released in the United States on 2 June 2013.[11][12] As per the Bollywood trade website Box Office India, with around 1.50 billion viewers,[13] the film grossed 45.11 million in its first week. 827ec27edc